Democratic Republic of Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo has shifted from national conflict in the late 1990s to a series of localised, region-specific conflicts over land, resources, and power, and involving a multitude of national and regional state and non-state actors. It remains one of the most complex and longstanding humanitarian crises in Africa, and is also the source of the continent’s largest internal displacement crisis. In early 2025, it was reported by the International Organisation for Migration that almost 7 million people had been forced to flee their homes, while the United Nations reports that more than 21.2 million people require humanitarian assistance.

Moreover, the DRC also remains the world’s largest food crisis, with over 25.6 million people - a quarter of the population - facing acute food insecurity.